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1 ♦ national
♦ national /ˈnæʃənl/A a.1 nazionale; patrio: national anthem, inno nazionale; national bank, banca nazionale; national theatre, teatro nazionale ( di Stato); (econ.) national income, reddito nazionale; national monument, monumento nazionale; ( sport) the national team, la nazionale; ( sport) national championship, campionato nazionaleB n.● (in GB) National Audit Office, organo di controllo dell'amministrazione statate (cfr. in Italia la Corte dei Conti) □ ( sport) national coach, allenatore della nazionale; CT □ (fin.) national debt, debito pubblico □ national duty, servizio militare (di leva): He was excused national duty, è stato esonerato dal servizio militare □ national finance, finanza dello Stato □ (polit.) national government, governo nazionale □ the national grid, la rete nazionale ( del gas, ecc.) □ (in USA) The National Guard, la Guardia Nazionale ( la milizia territoriale dei singoli Stati) □ the National Health Service, il Servizio d'Assistenza Sanitaria; la Mutua (fam.) □ (in GB) national insurance, assicurazioni sociali □ (in GB) National Insurance Number, il numero della tessera delle assicurazioni sociali ( funge anche da codice fiscale) □ (fin.) national saving, risparmio nazionale □ (in GB) national service, il servizio militare di leva ( dal 1948 al 1960) □ ( sport) a national side, una nazionale ( squadra) □ (stor.) National Socialism, nazionalsocialismo; nazismo □ (stor.) National Socialist, nazionalsocialista; nazista. -
2 team
[tiːm] 1. сущ.1)а) команда ( обычно спортивная), группа, артель, экипажteam flight — авиа групповой полёт
baseball / basketball / volleyball / cricket team — бейсбольная, баскетбольная, волейбольная, крикетная команда
football team — брит. футбольная команда, амер. команда по американскому футболу
home / visiting team — хозяева поля, площадки / гости (команда, играющая на поле соперника)
opposing / rival team — команда противника
reserve / second team — резервный, второй, запасной состав
soccer team — амер. футбольная команда
team placing — командный зачёт; командное место в соревновании
team's line-up / make-up, team composition / personnel — состав команды
team members, members of a team — игроки команды
to disband / split up a team — распускать команду
to field a team — выпустить на поле, выставить команду
Syn:б) крим.; жарг. шайка, банда ( преступников)Syn:2)а) упряжка, запряжка (лошадей, волов, собак)team driver — возчик; погонщик
б) амер.; диал. запряжённый экипаж, повозка; упряжка с экипажемsingle / double team — одиночная / парная упряжь
Syn:3) диал.а) цепочка, вереница ( уток и прочих птиц)Syn:flock II 1.б) выводок поросят или утятSyn:4) амер.; разг.; = whole team, = full team "целая артель", работает за семерых, мастер на все руки ( об очень энергичном или умелом человеке)whole team and a dog under the wagon — шутл. сам себе и жнец, и швец, и на дуде игрец
He's a full team at anything, this old fart. — Он мастер на все руки, этот старпёр.
5) юр.; ист. юрисдикция помещика над его крепостным; право на крепостныхfoot-team — ножная цепь ( на плуге)
Syn:•Gram:[ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]team[/ref]••2. гл.to be in team — мор. выстраиваться в ряд ( о кораблях)
1)а) = team up объединяться в команду; собирать бригаду, сколачивать артельto team up with smb. — объединиться с кем-л.
Both of them teamed up to write a book. — Они решили написать книгу вдвоём.
Syn:б) работать артелью, группойSyn:в) выполнять какую-л. работу с помощью рабочей артели или артелей2)а) запрягать (лошадей, волов)Syn:б) амер. быть погонщиком, возницей; вести упряжку; транспортировать, перевозить на лошадяхI teamed there and then those days. — В те дни я был возницей.
3) = team up сочетаться, подходить (об одежде, цвете и т. п.)This sweater teams happily with pants or shorts. — Этот свитер прекрасно будет сочетаться с брюками или шортами.
Syn:match II 2.4) ( team up) спорт.а) "подыграть" ( помочь в игре) -
3 Bundestrainer
■ Person, die die Spieler einer Nationalmannschaft auswählt und die Nationalmannschaft auf Spiele vorbereitet.■ Person who selects the players of a national team and who prepares the national team for competitions.Syn. national coach -
4 Fußballbundestrainer
■ Person, die die Spieler einer Nationalmannschaft auswählt und die Nationalmannschaft auf Spiele vorbereitet.■ Person who selects the players of a national team and who prepares the national team for competitions.Syn. national coach -
5 Nationalcoach
■ Person, die die Spieler einer Nationalmannschaft auswählt und die Nationalmannschaft auf Spiele vorbereitet.■ Person who selects the players of a national team and who prepares the national team for competitions.Syn. national coach -
6 Nationaltrainer
■ Person, die die Spieler einer Nationalmannschaft auswählt und die Nationalmannschaft auf Spiele vorbereitet.■ Person who selects the players of a national team and who prepares the national team for competitions.Syn. national coach -
7 Rappan-Riegel
■ Spielsystem, bei dem alle Spieler gemeinsam zum Angriff übergehen und gemeinsam zur Verteidigung zurückfallen, wobei sich aber die vorderen Spieler nur bis zum Mittelfeld zurückziehen und die gegnerischen Angreifer beim Rückzug bekämpfen.► Der Schweizer Riegel wurde vom Wiener Trainer Karl Rappan erfunden, der die Schweizer Nationalmannschaft zwischen 1937 und 1963 mehrmals betreute.■ Team tactical system developed by Switzerland in the 1930s in which all players move forward when on the attack but all fall back in defence when the opposing team counter-attacks, the forwards attempting to confront this counter-attack at the halfway line.► The bolt was introduced by the Austrian Karl Rappan who was player-manager of Servette Geneva in 1932 and later went on to become Swiss national coach. -
8 Schweizer Riegel
■ Spielsystem, bei dem alle Spieler gemeinsam zum Angriff übergehen und gemeinsam zur Verteidigung zurückfallen, wobei sich aber die vorderen Spieler nur bis zum Mittelfeld zurückziehen und die gegnerischen Angreifer beim Rückzug bekämpfen.► Der Schweizer Riegel wurde vom Wiener Trainer Karl Rappan erfunden, der die Schweizer Nationalmannschaft zwischen 1937 und 1963 mehrmals betreute.■ Team tactical system developed by Switzerland in the 1930s in which all players move forward when on the attack but all fall back in defence when the opposing team counter-attacks, the forwards attempting to confront this counter-attack at the halfway line.► The bolt was introduced by the Austrian Karl Rappan who was player-manager of Servette Geneva in 1932 and later went on to become Swiss national coach. -
9 Verrou
■ Spielsystem, bei dem alle Spieler gemeinsam zum Angriff übergehen und gemeinsam zur Verteidigung zurückfallen, wobei sich aber die vorderen Spieler nur bis zum Mittelfeld zurückziehen und die gegnerischen Angreifer beim Rückzug bekämpfen.► Der Schweizer Riegel wurde vom Wiener Trainer Karl Rappan erfunden, der die Schweizer Nationalmannschaft zwischen 1937 und 1963 mehrmals betreute.■ Team tactical system developed by Switzerland in the 1930s in which all players move forward when on the attack but all fall back in defence when the opposing team counter-attacks, the forwards attempting to confront this counter-attack at the halfway line.► The bolt was introduced by the Austrian Karl Rappan who was player-manager of Servette Geneva in 1932 and later went on to become Swiss national coach. -
10 Trainerstab
■ Gesamtheit der Personen, die in einem Verein oder Fußballverband unter Führung eines Cheftrainers eine trainierende Funktion ausüben.■ Group of people who are responsible for training the players of a national or club team under the leadership of a head coach. -
11 ♦ play
♦ play (1) /pleɪ/n.1 [u] gioco; modo di giocare: The children are at play, i bambini stanno giocando; the game and play of chess, il gioco degli scacchi e come giocarlo; the play of sunlight upon leaves, il gioco della luce del sole sulle foglie3 (teatr.) lavoro teatrale; dramma; commedia: the plays of John Webster, i drammi di John Webster; to direct a play, dirigere un dramma; to perform a play, rappresentare un dramma; to produce (o to put on) a play, mettere in scena un dramma (o una commedia); The play fell flat, la commedia è stata un fiasco; We went to the play, siamo andati a teatro4 [u] (mus.) esecuzione● (fig.) play-acting, commedia; finzione; melodramma (fig.) □ play-box, scatola per giocattoli □ ( radio, TV, USA) play-by-play commentary, radiocronaca; telecronaca; commento minuto per minuto □ play-day, giorno di vacanza ( da scuola) □ play-debt, debito di gioco □ ( USA) play dough, plastilina □ ( sport) play-off ► play-off □ a play on words, un gioco di parole □ play pool, piscina per giochi; piscinetta ( per bambini) □ play street, strada ( di città) chiusa al traffico per i giochi dei bambini □ (psic.) play therapy, terapia del gioco; ludoterapia □ to allow full play to one's restlessness, dare pieno sfogo alla propria irrequietezza □ as good as a play, divertentissimo □ to bring (o to call) into play, mettere in gioco; fare intervenire; mettere in azione □ to come into play, entrare in gioco (fig.); entrare in azione □ to give free play to one's imagination, dare (libero) sfogo alla propria fantasia □ in play, per gioco; per scherzo; per celia; ( sport: del pallone, della palla) in gioco □ ( sport) to make play, dar filo da torcere agli avversari □ (fam.) to make a play for, darsi da fare per, cercare di ottenere (qc.); manovrare per ( una nomina, ecc.); fare il filo a, stare dietro a (q.) □ ( sport: del pallone, della palla) out of play, non in gioco.NOTA D'USO: - play, game o toy?- play (2) /pleɪ/vc. verb.(comput.) esegui!; riproduci! ( istruzione).♦ (to) play /pleɪ/v. t. e i.1 giocare ( anche sport); giocare a (o con); gareggiare; giocherellare; baloccarsi; gingillarsi; divertirsi; scherzare; trastullarsi: to play tennis, giocare a tennis; to play with a ball, giocare con una palla; ( sport) to play a beautiful game, giocare bene; fare un bel gioco; ( anche) fare dell'accademia; to play sb. at cards, giocare a carte con q.; Let's play cowboys, giochiamo ai cowboy!; Let's play at (being) redskins, giochiamo agli indiani!; to play a pawn, giocare (o muovere) un pedone (a scacchi); to play one's cards well [badly], giocare bene [male] le proprie carte ( anche fig.); to play with a bunch of keys, baloccarsi (o gingillarsi) con un mazzo di chiavi; (fig.) to play with fire, scherzare col fuoco2 (fam.) giocare a essere; fare la parte di; far mostra; far finta: Jim played ski instructor, Jim faceva la parte del maestro di sci; to play innocent, recitare la parte dell'innocente3 ( sport) effettuare, fare ( un tiro, ecc.): He wasn't sure which shot to play, era incerto su quale colpo effettuare4 ( sport) far giocare; mettere in campo: The coach played Jones as goalkeeper, l'allenatore ha schierato Jones come portiere5 ( sport: del terreno) essere adatto al gioco: This cricket pitch plays well, questo campo di cricket è adatto al gioco ( ci si gioca bene)6 ( sport) giocare contro (q.); ospitare; battersi contro: Scotland were playing Wales, la Scozia ospitava il Galles; Will you play the challenger?, ti batterai contro lo sfidante?7 (teatr.) recitare; rappresentare; interpretare, sostenere ( un ruolo); fare la parte di; fare ( una parte); ( di una commedia, ecc.) essere recitato; tenere il cartellone; ( di film) essere proiettato: to play King Lear, rappresentare il Re Lear; Mel Gibson plays Hamlet, Mel Gibson interpreta la parte di Amleto; to play one's part well, fare bene la propria parte ( anche fig.); A new movie is playing tonight, questa sera danno un film nuovo; to play opposite, recitare a fianco di ( una persona dell'altro sesso); avere (q.) come partner8 (mus.) suonare; eseguire: to play the national anthem, suonare l'inno nazionale; to play by ear, suonare a orecchio; to play the violin, suonare il violino; DIALOGO → - Discussing music- They're playing the Forum on the 16th of December, suonano al Forum il 16 dicembre10 scherzare (poet.); muoversi qua e là; errare; ( del vento) soffiare: The moonlight was playing on the still waters of the lake, il chiaro di luna scherzava sulle acque tranquille del lago; A faint smile played on her lips, un lieve sorriso le errava sulle labbra (o le sfiorava le labbra)11 (mecc.: di un pezzo) avere gioco: Pistons must play inside cylinders, i pistoni devono aver gioco dentro ai cilindri13 dirigere, orientare ( un getto d'acqua, ecc.): We played a searchlight on the building, abbiamo illuminato l'edificio con una fotoelettrica16 (fam.) stare al gioco● ( sport) to play at home [away], giocare in casa [in trasferta] □ ( calcio, ecc.) to play a ball, calciare una palla □ to play ball, ( sport) dare il calcio d'inizio (o di ripresa); (fig.) fare la propria parte; non tirarsi indietro (fig.): (fam.) to play ball with sb., collaborare con q.; dare una mano a q. □ to play one's cards close to one's chest, tenersi le carte strette al petto ( giocando); (fig.) tenere nascoste le proprie mosse □ to play dead, fare finta d'essere morto, fare il morto; (fig.) restare indifferente, fare finta di niente □ to play the devil, fare il diavolo a quattro □ ( slang) to play dirty, fare il gioco sporco □ to play fair, giocare lealmente; (fig.) giocare a carte scoperte, comportarsi in modo leale □ to play sb. false, tradire q.; ingannare q. □ (fig.) to play first fiddle, avere una parte di primo piano; avere molta voce in capitolo □ to play a fish, stancare un pesce dandogli corda e poi tirando la lenza □ to play sb. like a fish, giocare con q. come il gatto con il topo □ to play the fool, fare lo stupido □ (teatr., mus., sport) to play for the first time, esordire; giocare (o recitare, suonare) per la prima volta □ to play for heavy stakes, giocare forte, d'azzardo □ to play for safety, stare sul sicuro; ( sport) tirare a «fare risultato» ( accontentandosi di un pareggio) □ to play for sympathy, cercare di accattivarsi la simpatia □ to play for time, cercare di guadagnare tempo, temporeggiare; ( sport) fare melina □ to play foul, ( sport) fare falli, essere falloso; (fig.) barare; essere sleale □ to play the game, stare alle regole del gioco; (fig.) esser leale, onesto □ (fig.) to play sb. 's game, stare al gioco di q. □ (fam.) to play games with sb. [st.], farsi gioco di q. [giocare (o giocherellare) con qc.] □ to play God, fare il padreterno □ to play high, giocar forte; fare forti puntate □ (fam.) to play the horses, giocare alle corse ( di cavalli) □ (fig.) to play into sb. 's hands, fare il gioco di q. □ to play oneself into a new job, fare l'abitudine (fam.: l'osso) a un lavoro nuovo □ (fam.) to play it cool, mantenere la calma □ to play it for real, fare sul serio □ ( calcio) to play the long ball, verticalizzare; dare profondità al gioco □ to play low, giocare in modo prudente; fare puntate basse □ ( Borsa, fin.) to play the market, speculare (o giocare) in Borsa □ ( sport) to play out of one's skin, giocare da dio □ to play safe, tenersi dalla parte del sicuro; non voler correre rischi □ (fig.) to play second fiddle (o second lead), fare il comprimario; avere una parte secondaria (o di secondo piano) □ ( sport) to play a team at home, ospitare una squadra □ (teatr.) to play to a full house, recitare a teatro esaurito □ to play to the gallery, (teatr.) recitare per il loggione; (fig.) cercare una popolarità a buon mercato □ to play truant, marinare la scuola □ to play a waiting game, ( sport) fare melina; (fig.) tirarla per le lunghe; stare a vedere come si mettono le cose □ (equit.) to play with horses ( on the ground), far lavorare (o esercitare) i cavalli (a terra) □ (eufem.) to play with oneself, masturbarsi. -
12 state
state [steɪt]état ⇒ 1 (a) État ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c) d'État, de l'État ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (b) officiel ⇒ 2 (c) déclarer ⇒ 3 formuler ⇒ 31 noun(a) (condition) état m;∎ the country is in a state of war/shock le pays est en état de guerre/choc;∎ a state of confusion prevailed la confusion régnait;∎ he was in a state of confusion il ne savait plus où il en était;∎ he was in a state of panic il a été pris de panique;∎ she was in a state of terror elle était terrifiée;∎ the married state le mariage;∎ the single state le célibat;∎ chlorine in its gaseous/liquid state le chlore à l'état gazeux/liquide;∎ to be in a good/bad state (road, carpet, car) être en bon/mauvais état; (person, economy, friendship) aller bien/mal;∎ the house was in a good/poor state of repair la maison était en bon/mauvais état;∎ to be in a terrible state (person → emotionally) être dans tous ses états; (→ physically) être dans un état lamentable; (room, papers) être sens dessus dessous;∎ she was in no (fit) state to make a decision elle était hors d'état de ou elle n'était pas en état de prendre une décision;∎ the car's not in a state to be driven la voiture n'est pas en état de rouler;∎ what's the current state of play? où en sont-ils?;∎ what's the current state of play on the project? où en est le projet?;∎ familiar to get into a state se mettre dans tous ses états;∎ he gets into an awful state if I don't phone si je ne lui téléphone pas, il se met dans tous ses états;∎ there's no need to get into such a state about it ce n'est pas la peine de te mettre dans un état pareil∎ a state within a state un État dans l'État;∎ the member states les États membres;∎ the head of state le chef de l'État;∎ heads of state chefs mpl d'État;∎ the separation of (the) Church and (the) State la séparation de l'Église et de l'État(c) (in US, Australia, India etc → political division) État m;∎ familiar the States les États-Unis□, les US;∎ the State of Ohio l'État de l'Ohio∎ he was in his robes of state il était en costume d'apparat(a) (government → secret) d'État; (→ subsidy, intervention, pension) de l'État; Economics (→ sector) public; (→ airline, funeral) national∎ the state capital la capitale de l'État;∎ a state university une université d'État ou publique;∎ the Michigan State team l'équipe de l'État du Michigan;∎ a state park un parc régional;∎ American to turn state's evidence or state's witness = témoigner contre ses complices en échange d'une remise de peine∎ state occasion cérémonie f officielle;∎ the State Opening of Parliament = l'ouverture officielle du Parlement britannique en présence du souverain(utter, say) déclarer; (express, formulate → intentions) déclarer; (→ demands) formuler; (→ proposition, problem, conclusions, views) énoncer, formuler; (→ conditions) poser;∎ the president stated emphatically that the rumours were untrue le président a démenti catégoriquement les rumeurs;∎ I have already stated my position on that issue j'ai déjà fait connaître ma position à ce sujet;∎ I have stated my opinion j'ai donné mon opinion;∎ we state the current figures on page five les chiffres actuels sont donnés en page cinq;∎ the regulations clearly state that daily checks must be made le règlement dit ou indique clairement que des vérifications quotidiennes doivent être effectuées;∎ please state salary expectations veuillez indiquer le salaire souhaité;∎ state your name and address donnez vos nom, prénoms et adresse;∎ the man refused to state his business l'homme a refusé d'expliquer ce qu'il voulait;∎ as stated above comme indiqué plus haut;∎ state the figure as a percentage exprimez ou indiquez le chiffre en pourcentage;∎ to state one's case présenter ses arguments;∎ Law to state the case for the defence/the prosecution présenter le dossier de la défense/de l'accusationAmerican (department) le Département d'Étaten grand apparat, en grande pompe;∎ to travel in state voyager en grand apparat;∎ to dine in state dîner en grande pompe;∎ to lie in state être exposé solennellement;∎ to live in state mener grand train►► state of affairs circonstances fpl actuelles;∎ nothing can be done in the present state of affairs vu les circonstances actuelles, on ne peut rien faire;∎ this is an appalling state of affairs c'est une situation épouvantable;∎ ironic this is a fine state of affairs! c'est du propre!;state apartments appartements mpl de parade;state of the art (of procedures, systems) ce qui se fait de mieux;∎ the state of the art in linguistics l'état actuel des connaissances en linguistique;state attorney procureur m;American state bank banque f de dépôt (agréée par un État);state buildings bâtiments mpl publics;state capitalism capitalisme m d'État;state church église f d'État;state control contrôle m étatique; (doctrine) étatisme m;∎ to be put or placed under state control être nationalisé;∎ state control of the means of communication nationalisation f des moyens de communication;American State Department ministère m des Affaires étrangères;state of emergency état m d'urgence;∎ a state of emergency has been declared l'état d'urgence a été déclaré;British State Enrolled Nurse aide-soignant m diplômé, aide-soignante f diplômée;History States General États généraux mpl;American state line frontière f entre États;American state lottery loterie f d'État;state of mind état m d'esprit;∎ in your present state of mind dans l'état d'esprit qui est le vôtre;∎ success is just a state of mind la réussite n'est qu'un état d'esprit;∎ is he in a better state of mind? est-ce qu'il est dans de meilleures dispositions?;state pension pension f de l'État;state police police f de l'État;American state prison prison f d'État (pour les longues peines);British State Registered Nurse infirmier m diplômé, infirmière f diplômée (remplacé en 1992 par "Registered Nurse");American states' rights = principe selon lequel, si la constitution des États-Unis n'octroie ni ne refuse un pouvoir à un État particulier, ce pouvoir appartient de fait à l'État et non au gouvernement fédéral;British state school école f publique;British state sector secteur m public;state socialism socialisme m d'État;State Supreme Court = instance judiciaire suprême dans chaque État américain;the state system (education) le public, l'enseignement m public;American state trooper ≃ gendarme m;State of the Union address discours m sur l'état de l'Union;Politics state visit visite f officielle;∎ he's on a state visit to Japan il est en visite officielle ou voyage officiel au Japonⓘ STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS Ce discours radiotélévisé, dans lequel le président des États-Unis dresse le bilan de son programme et en définit les orientations, est prononcé devant le Congrès. L'allocution présidentielle a lieu tous les ans en janvier.
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